“there be＋名词＋动词”结构使用方法总结
1. there be+宾语+目前分词。目前分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行：
There is someone waiting for him. 有人在等他。
There was a man standing in front of me. 我前面站着一个男性。
There were some children swimming in the river. 有的孩子在河里游泳。
There were a group of young people working in the fields. 有一群年轻人在地里劳动。
有时目前分词可表示一种状况：
There’s a piano standing against the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。
There’re a lot of difficulties facing us. 大家面前有不少困难。
There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座门通往花园。
有个别目前分词用于该结构时可以表示以后：
There are ten people coming to dinner. 有10个人来吃晚饭。
2. there be+宾语+过去分词。过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生：
There is nothing written on it. 上面没写东西。
There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10人丧生。
有时过去分词也可表示一种状况：
There were some old men seatedin the back. 有的老人坐在后面。
There is a red car parkedoutside the house. 房屋外边停着一辆红色汽车。
3. there be+宾语+不定式。不定式一般表示动作尚未发生：
There was nobody to look after the child. 无人照顾这孩子。
There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要来给他送行。
There was so much to lose that we couldn’t take any risks. 或许会有非常大的损失，因此大家不可以冒险。
当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时，可用主动表被动，也可用被动式：
There is much work to do [to be done]. 有很多工作要做。
有时其中的不定式为系表结构：
There is nothing to be afraid of. 没什么可怕的。
What was there to be afraid of. 有哪些可怕的?
There’s nothing to be ashamed of. 没什么值得羞愧的。
